Jean Aitchison Part 8

Grammaticalisation is defined as … (p. 112)

	the attribution of a grammatical character to a previously autonomous word
	the acceptance of a previously unacceptable structure in the standard language
	the attachment of a grammatical morpheme to a free morpheme
	the codification of a language in a grammar

Chains are for the most part … (p. 114)

	unpredictable
	unidirectional
	autonomous
	arbitrary

Phrases such as instead of or indeed are… (p. 116)

	prepositional phrases
	catchphrases
	petrified phrases
	noun phrases

The meaning which expresses the speaker’s assessment of the situation is referred to as … (p. 118)

	exhortative
	iconic
	deontic
	epistemic